The 32nd Olympic Games are to be held in Tokyo next year
The original Olympic Game Manifesto, an 1892 speech by a French aristocrat outlining his vision for reviving the ancient Games, is to go on sale.
It is expected to fetch between $700,000 and $1m (£520,000-£765,000) at auction in New York.
Pierre de Coubertin argued that athletic endeavours could benefit individuals and society at large.
In 1894 he co-founded the International Olympic Committee and in 1896 the first modern Games were held in Athens.
The handwritten manuscript has never previously been shown in public, although a high-quality copy was exhibited in Copenhagen during the 2009 Olympic Congress.
In the 14-page speech, written in French, Mr De Coubertin says athletic pursuits should no longer be restricted to military training.
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"He wanted something that all nations could take part in, a way to compete against one another, but not in the way that we usually compete against one another, which is going to war," Richard Austin, head of Sotheby's Books & Manuscripts Department, told Reuters news agency.
"So he actually saw the Olympic Games, the re-establishment of them, as a way to promote peace among nations."
The pages also feature scribbled notes, crossings out and revisions as Mr De Coubertin honed his final version. He delivered the speech at the Sorbonne University in Paris at an event marking the fifth anniversary of the French Athletics Association.
"It's really what we'd like to see in original manuscripts. That immediacy of the thought process, it really sort of puts you in the moment," Mr Austin said.
"Really what we all enjoy every four years is a direct result of the manuscript," he added.
